Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This report examined the challenges of providing health support to residents evacuated after the Fukushima nuclear accident. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed municipal administrative records and observed health examinations and exercise classes to describe Namie Town's health support programs for dispersed residents. RESULTS: Although evacuation orders were lifted in most areas by 2017, only 15% of registered residents have returned to Namie town, while the majority continue to live as evacuees. The town's responsibility to provide health services to geographically dispersed registered residents has created significant administrative and logistical challenges, raising questions about the sustainability of current municipal-based health support systems. Meanwhile, resident-initiated exercise groups have emerged in evacuation locations, demonstrating a potential alternative approach to health promotion and community rebuilding. CONCLUSION: This case study highlights the need to reconsider both administrative frameworks and community-based solutions for long-term disaster recovery.