Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a rapidly progressing tumor that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment. It is the first human neoplasm linked to a viral cause and is classified into three subtypes: sporadic, endemic, and immunodeficiency-associated. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of a 5-year-old boy who presented to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department with a two-month history of bilateral maxillary swelling and pain. He had no significant medical history. An incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy following the R-COPADM protocol. Despite stage III diffuse lymph node involvement, treatment was successful. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Oral and maxillofacial involvement of BL in pediatric patients are extremely rare, with an estimated prevalence of 0.5 % to 6 %. In this case, the disease extended beyond the jaws to involve the maxillary sinuses, orbit, and zygomatic bone. Histologically, the classic "starry-sky" pattern was notable in most tissue sections. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of early recognition and prompt multidisciplinary intervention in pediatric Burkitt lymphoma to prevent widespread disease progression and improve survival outcomes.