Abstract
College students' health and behavioral issues are gaining increasing global attention, with the optimization and choices of dietary structure becoming key factors affecting their physical and mental development. This study examines adolescents to explore the impact of dietary habit changes on their physical health. First, we investigated the factors influencing dietary habit changes after students entered college through questionnaires. Based on the theory of planned behavior, we constructed a structural equation model and found that perceived behavioral control had the greatest impact on college students' dietary choices. In addition, we investigated the patterns of dietary changes among adolescents and conducted an observational experiment on the impact of dietary changes on physical fitness. The results divided participants into three groups: those reducing high-calorie food intake, those increasing fiber intake, and those reducing high-fat and high-salt food intake. The findings showed that reducing high-calorie food intake had the most significant effect on students' physical health, resulting in a 7.5% improvement. Increasing fiber intake followed with a 5.68% improvement, while reducing high-fat and high-salt intake led to a 5.48% improvement in physical health. This study suggests that creating a supportive environment-within society, schools, and families-can encourage healthy eating habits among adolescents.