Abstract
In the classification of lung cancer, the basic division into small cell and non-small cell carcinomas continues to apply. Despite the same histological subtyping, it is known that there are defined genetic changes in the tumor cells that significantly determine tumor growth as "drivers", so that their blockade can significantly influence the clinical course. Thus, in the last 10 years, the treatment of lung cancer has been increasingly supplemented by the establishment of tumor-specific targeted drugs and immunomodulatory approaches. This development has led to increasingly differentiated and individualized approaches to treatment. Pathology and especially molecular pathological diagnostics play a central role here, as an increasing number of biomarkers must be examined.