Abstract
BACKGROUND: CSNK1D is a member of the CK1 family and is characterized by high conservation and widespread expression. It plays a regulatory role in the maintenance of numerous cellular processes and is expressed at low levels in normal tissues but is overexpressed in several types of cancer. All tumor tissues were pathologically diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to retrospectively assess CSNK1D expression levels in 90 lung adenocarcinoma surgical tumor tissue microarrays (TMAs). All tumor tissues were pathologically diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect CSNK1D expression in serum samples from 22 lung adenocarcinoma patients. All tumor tissues were pathologically diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma RESULTS: CSNK1D was expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, with higher levels in tumor tissues than in adjacent nontumor tissues. The results of survival analysis revealed that high CSNK1D expression was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis. The results of multivariate analysis, adjusted for clinicopathological features, indicated that high CSNK1D expression was an independent predictor of cancer-specific survival.