Abstract
Titanium (Ti) particles implicated in peri-implant inflammation require reliable quantification in biological samples. Here, we present a spectrophotometric protocol for the analysis of Ti particles. We describe steps for implementing optimized pretreatment to remove organic matrices and performing hot-acid chemical digestion. We then detail procedures for quantifying Ti concentration via a Ti(IV)-hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) chromogenic reaction and validating detection accuracy. This protocol provides an accessible, scalable technique for quantifying Ti particles in laboratories with limited access to advanced analytical instrumentation.