Abstract
Variations in rainfall patterns across different regions reduce the accuracy of existing satellite channel models. As satellite services and 5G applications continue to advance, the development of accurate rain-impairment-aware channel models has become essential. This paper presents a prediction model for rain-induced impairments in High Throughput Satellite (HTS) and 5G satellite-to-land communication channels. The proposed model integrates three novel algorithms designed to characterize and analyze rain-induced attenuation and channel quality. Specifically, these algorithms calculate rain-specific attenuation, effective slant path lengths through rainfall, overall rain-induced attenuation, signal carrier-to-noise ratios, and symbol error rates across three conventional modulation schemes. Additionally, the study introduces a new database detailing rain-induced attenuation on HTS channels, considering various frequencies and rainfall intensities. Results indicate substantial fluctuations in HTS-to-land fade levels and signal quality during rainfall events, which could lead to communication link outages, particularly at higher-order modulation schemes. This study provides practical methods to analyze channel characteristics using actual rainfall measurements, thereby facilitating the effective design and deployment of future HTS and 5G system.