Abstract
RATIONALE: Hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (HIMT) is a rare intermediate neoplasm, characterized by localized proliferation and low metastatic potential. Despite its benign nature, HIMT exhibits malignant features including recurrence and multifocal growth. The etiology of HIMT is multifactorial and involves infections, trauma, surgery, and radiotherapy. A history of biliary surgery or infection is strongly associated with the development of HIMT. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 48-year-old female presented with 2-week fatigue (eastern cooperative oncology group 1) and weight loss of 4 kg. DIAGNOSES: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging resonance imaging revealed a tumorlike lesion in the right posterior lobe of the liver. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent an open right hemihepatectomy without adjuvant therapy. OUTCOMES: Immunohistochemistry confirmed HIMT: smooth muscle actin+, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-, CD21-, and S-100-. No perioperative complications or recurrence was observed during the 36-month follow-up period. LESSONS: HIMT is a rare neoplasm that is often misdiagnosed owing to its nonspecific presentation. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment; however, standardized therapeutic protocols are required.