Abstract
Microalgae, being able to produce a variety of bioactive compounds, represent a promising resource for numerous industrial applications. However, their large-scale production remains constrained by biological, technical and economic factors. Open ponds, which are predominantly employed on an industrial scale, yield lower levels of algae in comparison to those obtained in closed reactors. Consequently, the processing of substantial volumes is necessitated during the harvesting process. This study explores the potential of microfiltration as an alternative to conventional harvesting processes to optimise yields and preserve biomass quality. The evaluation of various ceramic membranes, including new-generation prototypes, was conducted according to several operating parameters (flux, backwash mode, recirculation rate). The objective was to obtain microalgae concentrate while preserving cell integrity. Three species (Odontella aurita, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Dunaliella salina) were considered for issues directly related to industrial cultivation such as seasonality, strain variability and the state of the culture at the time of harvest. An effective cleaning protocol was also developed, applicable to all the conditions tested. The ceramic membranes demonstrated a high degree of resistance to fouling, with their low tortuosity promoting effective backwashing. The membrane process resulted in a high level of cell recovery and volume concentration factors that were comparable to those achieved by conventional methods. In comparison with alternative concentration processes, it is also economically viable, thus confirming its potential as a robust and efficient alternative for industrial-scale microalgae harvesting.