Abstract
The modified cardiometabolic index (MCMI) integrates key cardiometabolic factors that drive airway inflammation in asthma through abnormal adipokine secretion, lipid disorders, and impaired glucose metabolism. This study aimed to explore the association between the MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma in the United States. This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which includes demographic, laboratory, health, and comorbidity information. Participants who self-reported asthma and had MCMI scores were included in the study. We employed multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses to examine the relationship between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. Four models were adjusted to account for potential confounders, providing deeper insights into the independent associations between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness of these associations. Among 16,111 participants (mean age: 50.1 ± 17.9 years), 2137 (13.3%) reported asthma. Univariate analysis showed a positive correlation between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11-1.24, P < .001). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for several variables. Compared to the Q1 MCMI group, adjusted odds ratios for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.83-1.08, P = .439), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.87-1.13, P = .920), and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.14-1.47, P < .001) in model 1, respectively. Moreover, curve fitting analysis revealed a significant linear correlation between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. The results of the sensitivity, subgroup, and stratified analyses were robust, confirming the stability and reliability of the observed associations. A modest positive association exists between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma in the United States. Further research is required to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.