Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy represents a groundbreaking advancement in the solid cancer treatment, offering new hope to patients and their families with high response rates and long overall survival. TIL therapy involves extracting immune cells from a patient's tumor tissue, expanding them ex vivo, and infusing them back into the patient to target and eliminate cancer cells. This revolutionary approach harnesses the power of the immune system to combat cancers, ushering in a new era of T cell-based therapies along with CAR-T and TCR-therapies. In this comprehensive review, we aim to elucidate the remarkable potential of TIL therapy by delving into recent advancements in basic and clinical researches. We highlight on the evolving landscape of TIL therapy as a prominent immunotherapeutic strategy, its multifaceted applications, and the promising outcomes. Additionally, we explore the future horizons of TIL therapy, next-generation TILs, and combination therapy, to overcome the limitations and improve clinical efficacy of TIL therapy.