Abstract
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a challenging and potentially life-threatening medical condition that often necessitates prompt intervention. In the quest to improve patient outcomes, one therapeutic agent has garnered significant attention - tranexamic acid (TXA). The basic aim of the study is to systematically review the role of TXA in LGIB. This systematic review adheres to the guidelines outlined in The Checklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies, known as the CHARMS checklist, to ensure the rigorous and reproducible evaluation of predictive models. The study extends beyond the initial protocol to include a report on calibration, in addition to the originally planned assessments of discrimination, validation, and model quality. The findings revealed diverse effect sizes and precision in TXA's impact on LGIB outcomes across the studies. While some studies reported substantial effects, others exhibited more modest results, emphasizing the complexity of LGIB management. Risk of bias assessments unveiled variations in methodological quality, urging caution in interpretation. It is concluded that the role of TXA in LGIB is complex, with diverse findings and methodological considerations.