Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO&sub2;) represents an important nanomaterial with wide ranging applications. However, little is known regarding how CeO&sub2; exposure may influence pulmonary or systemic inflammation. Furthermore, how mast cells would influence inflammatory responses to a nanoparticle exposure is unknown. We thus compared pulmonary and cardiovascular responses between C57BL/6 and B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mast cell deficient mice following CeO&sub2; nanoparticle instillation. C57BL/6 mice instilled with CeO&sub2; exhibited mild pulmonary inflammation. However, B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mice did not display a similar degree of inflammation following CeO&sub2; instillation. Moreover, C57BL/6 mice instilled with CeO&sub2; exhibited altered aortic vascular responses to adenosine and an increase in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury which was absent in B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mice. In vitro CeO&sub2; exposure resulted in increased production of PGD&sub2;, TNF-α, IL-6 and osteopontin by cultured mast cells. These findings demonstrate that CeO&sub2; nanoparticles activate mast cells contributing to pulmonary inflammation, impairment of vascular relaxation and exacerbation of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.