Abstract
For certain cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and arrhythmia, electrocardiogram as a conventional cardiac function monitoring method has limitations such as insufficient resolution and unreliable accuracy in diagnosis. In contrast, magnetocardiography (MCG) offers several advantages, such as being unaffected by uneven human body conductivity and skin-electrode contact, and providing higher spatial resolution, which make it more effective than electrocardiogram for pathological characterization and lesion localization. The acquisition technology of MCG, which is a vital component of the overall MCG system, has predominantly utilized superconducting quantum interference device. In recent years innovative cases of MCG acquisition using atomic magnetometers and magneto-resistive sensors have also appeared in academia. In this paper, the MCG acquisition technologies based on three distinct magnetic sensors are reviewed. Firstly, the current research progress on each MCG acquisition technology is introduced. After that, the enhancement approaches of various technologies for improving cardiac magnetic signal acquisition and magnetic shielding conditions are discussed. Subsequently, differences between each technology are analyzed and the existing development difficulties and solutions of MCG technology are discussed. Finally, an outlook on the application prospect of MCG in the clinical field is provided, aiming to provide references for the continuous optimization of MCG technology and accelerate its adoption as a reliable diagnostic method for cardiovascular diseases.