Abstract
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a relatively rare condition caused by compression of the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the SMA. The coexistence of SMA syndrome and acute pancreatitis is even rarer and remains poorly recognized in clinical practice. A 36-year-old woman with a history of cerebral palsy and scoliosis presented with epigastric pain and abdominal distension. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed compression of the third portion of the duodenum with dilatation of the proximal gastrointestinal tract, leading to the diagnosis of SMA syndrome. In addition, peripancreatic fat stranding was observed, suggesting concomitant acute pancreatitis. Other causes of pancreatitis were considered unlikely. The patient improved rapidly with conservative treatment and was discharged without recurrence. Clinicians should be aware that SMA syndrome may be complicated by acute pancreatitis, particularly in patients with worsening abdominal pain.