Abstract
Naming pictures from the same semantic category hinders subsequent naming from that category (i.e., semantic interference), irrespective of the number of intervening different-category exemplars named. Persistent semantic interference has been well documented in chronometric studies, and has been attributed to experience-driven adjustments in the strength of connections between semantic and lexical representations. However, whether parallel effects exist in speech error data remains unclear. In the current study, people with aphasia, a speaker population prone to naming errors, provided naming responses to a large picture corpus presented in random order that comprised multiple exemplars drawn from several different categories. We found persistent semantic interference in the task in semantic error rates specifically, and that semantic similarity between consecutive related exemplars modulated the effect. The results provide further evidence for the presumed lexical-semantic locus and mechanism(s) underlying semantic interference.