Abstract
A set of four experiments was conducted to develop methods for screening oat tolerance to salt and alkali and the following results were obtained. (1) In experiment 1, 68.5 mmol L(-1) salt and 22.5 mmol L(-1) alkali were identified as appropriate concentrations for determining oat tolerance to salinity and alkalinity during germination. (2) These concentrations were used in experiment 2 to screen 248 oat genotypes and 21 were identified to be tolerant to salinity and alkalinity in germination. (3) In experiment 3, one salt treatment, 40 L of Na(2)SO(4):NaCl (1:1), 150 mmol L(-1), was found to be optimal for screening oat tolerance to salinity during growth and development. For alkalinity tolerance, the optimal treatment was 40 L of Na(2)CO(3):NaHCO(3) (1:1) at 75 mmol L(-1). (4) No significant correlation was found between tolerances at the germination and adult stages or between tolerances to salt and alkali. Three lines were found to be tolerant to both salt and alkali in both germination and adult stages. (5) In experiment 4, 25 out of 262 oat genotypes were found to be tolerant to both salinity and alkalinity. (6) GGE biplot analysis was found to be effective in interpreting the multivariate data and the plastic cone-container system was found to be cost-effective system for screening adult plant tolerance to salt and alkali. (7) The symptoms of salt stress and alkali stress were found to be different; alkali stress mainly reduces the chlorophyll content, while salinity mainly disrupts water absorption.