Abstract
This study aimed to develop and test a biosensor for detecting radioactive radon gas and lead ions in blood samples collected from donors in Iraq. The biosensor was made up of aptamer, acetic acid, malachite green, and TRIS-HAC, and results were measured using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. This study found that (222)Rn in the blood varied between individuals, with higher levels in males and smokers, and the highest concentration found in a male patient with cancer. The biosensor used to detect (222)Rn in the blood was effective, sensitive, and low-cost, and the levels detected were within the limits set by the WHO. The study also looked at pb(+2), a toxic metal, and found that levels were within permissible limits. The biosensor was also effective in detecting pb(+2). The correlations between the variables are generally weak to moderate, and there are some negative relationships between humidity and other variables. There are also some strong positive relationships between temperature (Tin) and temperature (Tout). The results suggest that these variables are not strongly correlated with each other, which is an important finding for understanding their potential effects on health outcomes. However, further validation and testing may be necessary before its widespread use in clinical settings. This study highlights the importance of monitoring these substances in the blood, especially for individuals with occupational exposure to radiation. The biosensor was found to be sensitive, cost-effective, fast to manufacture, and efficient compared to other detection devices. Therefore, the study recommends the use of this biosensor for measuring radon and lead ions in blood samples. The biosensor used in this study could be a useful tool for such monitoring.