Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder with multifaceted manifestations, affecting both physiological and psychosocial aspects of affected individuals. This abstract provides a succinct overview of the hormonal underpinnings in the pathogenesis of PCOS, focusing on altered luteinizing hormone (LH) action, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism. A prevailing theory suggests that insulin resistance exacerbates hyperandrogenism by influencing the synthesis of sex hormone-binding globulin and increasing androgen production from adrenal and ovarian sources. PCOS diagnosis relies on specific criteria related to hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of polycystic ovaries. Beyond its physical symptoms, PCOS profoundly impacts women's mental health and quality of life. The prevalence of PCOS underscores the urgency of understanding its hormonal intricacies. Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, particularly in the context of sex hormone-binding globulin suppression, play a central role in PCOS pathogenesis. Recognizing the key role of hormones, particularly insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, provides a foundation for targeted interventions and treatment strategies. A comprehensive approach to PCOS must consider both its physiological and psychosocial dimensions to address the challenges faced by affected individuals.