Abstract
Biomarkers are critical for heart failure (HF) management by facilitating risk stratification, therapeutic decision-making, and monitoring treatment response. This prospective, single-center study aimed to assess predictors of death during one-year follow-up in patients with end-stage HF, with particular emphasis on the soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2/left ventricular mass index (sST2/LVMI) ratio, modified Model for End-stage Liver Disease (modMELD), and Model for End-stage Liver Disease excluding INR (MELD-XI). This study comprised 429 consecutive patients with end-stage HF hospitalized between 2018 and 2023. The median age was 56.0 (50.0-60.0) years; and 89.2% were male. During the follow-up, 134 (31.2%) patients died. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves showed good predictive powers of sST2/LVMI-MELDXI (AUC: 0.90 [CI: 0.87-0.93]; specificity 85% and sensitivity 80%) and sST2/LVMI-modMELD (AUC: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.90-0.95]; specificity 92%, sensitivity 81%) for assessment of one-year mortality. In conclusion: the sST2/LVMI-modMELD and sST2/LVMI-MELD-XI ratios are independently related to one-year mortality in the analyzed group of patients. The prognostic power of these new models is significantly better than their individual components. This single-center study comprised a relatively small group of patients, so the prognostic value of these new models cannot be generalized to the entire HF population. Considering the limitations of this analysis, further randomized trials with a large cohort are necessary to confirm the utility of the new prognostic models in HF patients.