Abstract
BACKGROUND: Q fever is a contagious zoonotic disease which is caused by a gram-negative and intracellular Coccobacillus known as Coxiella burnetii ticks play a role in its transmission. Endocarditis is the most common consequence of chronic Q fever. METHODS: Here we report a case of endocarditis caused by Q fever. The patient is a 67-year-old, and she had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and aortic valve replacement surgery. RESULTS: The result of echocardiography showed a suspicious mass (Vegetation) on the implanted valve. Based on laboratory and clinical assessments, endocarditis caused by C. burnetii was the final diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Q fever is a tick-transmitted pathogen that has been known as an important cause of culture-negative endocarditis in Iran, and more attention needs to be paid to this disease in Iran by the healthcare system and physicians.