Abstract
Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGFs) has proven potentially beneficial as a bioregenerator in patients with chronic skin disorders due to its anti-inflammatory effect. However, its therapeutic potential may be limited by soluble autoimmune components associated with inflammatory dermatoses in blood plasma. To evaluate the impact of skin health status on cell bioactivity, PRGF was prepared from healthy (H) donors as well as from individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis (PS), or lichen sclerosus (LS). Leukocyte exclusion and heat inactivation (Immunosafe treatment) were evaluated as potential methods to reduce the inflammatory components of the samples under study. The biological effect of PRGF-derived formulations was investigated using cell-based in vitro skin inflammation models, including human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) exposed to a pro-inflammatory environment. The data confirmed that viability, proliferation, and migration rates were enhanced in inflamed cell cultures supplemented with PRGF formulations compared to those maintained in standard culture media. Nevertheless, significant differences have been identified. About the healthy control, inflamed epidermal keratinocytes supplemented with most PRGF-based formulations obtained from pathological donors (PS/LS) showed lower viability. Heat inactivation significantly promoted cell proliferation in epidermal keratinocytes supplemented with SP (PS/LS) and L-PRP supernatant (LSP) samples (AD), and also cell migration in inflamed HDF (AD/H/LS) and HEK (AD/LS) models supplemented with LSP. Leukocyte exclusion improved cell behavior in terms of migration with the only exception of LSP from individuals with AD added to inflamed HEK cultures. In conclusion, PRGF derived from pathological patients contains autoimmune components that could compromise its effectiveness as a therapy for treating individuals with chronic inflammatory disorders. However, heat inactivation (Immunosafe treatment) or leukocyte exclusion could minimize local adverse effects.