Abstract
Targeting the colchicine binding site on tubulin is a promising approach for cancer treatment to overcome the limitations of current tubulin polymerization inhibitors. New classes of colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs) are continually being uncovered; however, balancing metabolic stability and cellular potency remains an issue that needs to be resolved. Therefore, we designed and synthesized a series of novel fused imidazopyridine and -pyrazine CBSIs and evaluated their cellular activity, metabolic stability, and tubulin-binding properties. Evidence shows that the imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine series are effective against neuroblastoma cell lines marked by MYCN amplification. Further assessment shows that a combination of an imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine core with a trimethoxyphenyl ring D results in the highest cellular activity and binding characteristics compared with a dichloromethoxyphenyl or difluoromethoxyphenyl ring D. However, the metabolic stability of compounds with a dichloromethoxyphenyl or difluoromethoxyphenyl ring D is significantly higher than that of those containing a trimethoxyphenyl ring D, suggesting that improved metabolic stability is achieved with a moderate impact on potency.