Diagnostic Testing for Patients With Suspected Ocular Manifestations of Lyme Disease

BACKGROUND: Lyme disease is a bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex transmitted by the Ixodes tick genus. There is uncertainty regarding proper diagnostic testing for suspected cases. Ocular manifestations have been documented in all stages of Lyme disease, but are more prevalent in early disseminated disease. OBSERVATIONS: This review article provides guidelines for the appropriate diagnostic testing to obtain when encountering ocular manifestations of suspected Lyme disease. CONCLUSIONS: To ensure timely diagnosis and treatment, eye care clinicians should be familiar with the appropriate diagnostic testing for patients suspected to have ocular manifestations of Lyme disease. If testing confirms Lyme disease, refer the patient to an infectious disease specialist for antimicrobial treatment and additional management.