Abstract
Evidence concerning PM(1) exposure, maternal blood pressure (BP), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is sparse. We evaluated the associations using 105,063 participants from a nationwide cohort. PM(1) concentrations were evaluated using generalized additive model. BP was measured according to the American Heart Association recommendations. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the PM(1)-BP/HDP associations. Each 10 μg/m(3) higher first-trimester PM(1) was significantly associated with 1.696 mmHg and 1.056 mmHg higher first-trimester SBP and DBP, and with 11.4% higher odds for HDP, respectively. The above associations were stronger among older participants (> 35 years) or those educated longer than 17 years or those with higher household annual income (> 400,000 CNY). To conclude, first-trimester PM(1) were positively associated with BP/HDP, which may be modified by maternal age, education level, and household annual income. Further research is warranted to provide more information for both health management of HDP and environmental policies enactment.