Stereospecific syn-dihalogenations and regiodivergent syn-interhalogenation of alkenes via vicinal double electrophilic activation strategy

通过邻位双亲电活化策略实现烯烃的立体选择性顺式二卤化和区域发散的顺式互卤化

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Abstract

Whereas the conventional anti-dihalogenation of alkenes is a valuable synthetic tool with highly predictable stereospecificity, the restricted reaction mechanism makes it challenging to alter the diastereochemical course into the complementary syn-dihalogenation process. Only a few notable achievements were made recently by inverting one of the stereocenters after anti-addition using a carefully designed reagent system. Here, we report a conceptually distinctive strategy for the simultaneous double electrophilic activation of the two alkene carbons from the same side. Then, the resulting vicinal leaving groups can be displaced iteratively by nucleophilic halides to complete the syn-dihalogenation. For this purpose, thianthrenium dication is employed, and all possible combinations of chlorine and bromine are added onto internal alkenes successfully, particularly resulting in the syn-dibromination and the regiodivergent syn-bromochlorination.

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