Abstract
Aim: Pain is a major challenge in the management of HIV/AIDS. This research analyzed the prevalence of substance use and opioid misuse among people with HIV (PWH) and those without (PWoH) in the USA. Methods: Using data from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the study assessed misuse of pain relievers and opioids in 279,025 individuals. Results: PWH were about 1.88-times more likely to misuse pain relievers and 1.85-times to misuse opioids than PWoH, with a notable rise in hydrocodone and tramadol misuse. Conclusion: The data highlights an imperative for interventions targeting substance misuse among PWH, addressing the complex nexus of HIV, chronic pain and opioid use.