Abstract
The pathophysiology of aortic valve stenosis is degenerative and calcific. It may be exacerbated by atherosclerotic processes characterized by lipid accumulation and inflammation. When the stenosis gets hemodynamically severe, the valves would need to be replaced. They could be replaced using mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valves. Balloon-expandable (BE) transcatheter heart valves (THVs) were compared to the self-expanding (SE) THVs and it was found that the rate of bioprosthetic valve failure was low over a five-year period. We present the case of a 70-year-old female who presented with worsening shortness of breath three years after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and was found to have early valve degeneration.