A case report of recurrent leiomyosarcoma with chondrosarcoma differentiation in the abdominal wall and a review of the literature

Leiomyosarcoma with heterologous differentiation is relatively rare. To date, only 19 cases have been reported in the English literature. Heterologous components frequently show histological pleomorphism, while those exhibiting well-differentiated morphology are seldom reported. Here, we report a 34-year-old female diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma and developed abdominal wall recurrence 8 years after primary surgery. The recurrent tumor mainly comprised well-differentiated chondrosarcoma except a single focus of leiomyosarcoma. Due to the rarity and prolonged onset of such a transition, our case provides insight into the understanding of this phenomenon.