Abstract
Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained considerable popularity on a global scale, with an increasing prevalence among younger adults. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of e-cigarette use among women in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2023 and July 2024 involving 491 adult female participants. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests, were employed to assess relationships between e-cigarette use and various independent variables. Results The prevalence of e-cigarette use among participants was 17.5%. Significant factors associated with e-cigarette use included age (highest among women aged 21 to 30 years, p = 0.038), unemployment (p = 0.011), perceived poor health (p = 0.002), and having friends or family members who use e-cigarettes (p = 0.001). The primary reasons for using e-cigarettes were influence from friends (70.9%) and family members (54.7%), curiosity (33.7%), and appealing flavors (30.2%). A considerable proportion of users reported experiencing dependence and difficulty quitting. Conclusions The prevalence of e-cigarette use among female residents of Al-Ahsa is influenced by a complex interplay of social, demographic, and perceptual factors. The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive interventions targeting social environments and educational initiatives and addressing misconceptions about the potential risks of e-cigarettes.