Abstract
Ultrasound velocimetry has been widely used for blood flow imaging. However, the flow measurements are constrained to resolve the in-plane 2D flow components when using a 1D transducer array. In this work, an ultrasound speckle decorrelation analysis-based velocimetry (3C-vUS) is proposed for 3D velocity components measurement using a 1D transducer array. The 3C-vUS theory is first derived and validated with numerical simulations and phantom experiments. The in vivo testing results show that 3C-vUS can accurately measure the blood flow 3D-velocity-components of the human carotid artery at arbitrary probe-to-vessel angles throughout the cardiac cycle. With such capability, the 3C-vUS will alleviate the requirement of operators and promote disease screening for blood flow-related disorders.