Abstract
A new species of Liotyphlops Peters, 1881, Liotyphlopspalauophissp. nov., is described from the neighborhoods of Bogota, Colombia from a previous syntype of L.anops, and a lectotype is designated for the latter species. The new species is readily distinguished from congeners by having the frontal scale divided (vs single), and a central foramen in the parabasisphenoid (vs foramen absent). High-resolution x-ray computed tomography (HRXCT) was used to study and present data on the skull of the holotype of the new species, the lectotype of L.anops, and the holotype of L.ternetzii. Additionally, extensive study of skull characters and external morphology failed to find diagnostic characters to differentiate L.beui and L.ternetzii, and the former is here considered a junior synonym of L.ternetzii, which is also redescribed.