Abstract
AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of black tea as a negative oral contrast agent in Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) to improve image quality by reducing gastrointestinal fluid signals. BACKGROUND: Retained gastrointestinal fluids can interfere with ductal imaging during MRCP, and suitable oral negative contrast agents are not widely available. METHOD: Two types of black tea (Lapsang Souchong and Yinghong NO9) were tested in vitro at different concentrations (3g, 6g, and 9g) to assess their T2 signal suppression. The tea with the best signal suppression was selected for a prospective clinical study involving 51 patients undergoing MRCP. Signal intensity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured before and after black tea administration. RESULT: In vitro experiments showed that the 9g concentration of Lapsang Souchong tea provided the most effective T2 signal suppression, with manganese and iron ion concentrations of 4.705 mg/L and 0.040 mg/L, respectively. In the clinical study, paired T-tests revealed a significant decrease in gastrointestinal fluid signals after black tea administration, with a mean signal intensity reduction in the stomach and duodenum. The SNR in the duodenal bulb increased significantly, while no significant differences were observed in SNR and CNR in other gastrointestinal segments. CONCLUSION: Black tea, rich in iron and manganese, effectively reduces gastrointestinal fluid signals, potentially enhancing MRCP image quality. Further research is warranted to explore its clinical application.