Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reviewing validated glaucoma disease-specific tools for measuring adherence could encourage adherence monitoring to avoid progressive visual field losses in people living with glaucoma. AIM: To review the literature on validated disease-specific tools for measuring adherence to glaucoma medications. METHODS: Relevant peer-reviewed publications from the year 2000 to 2022 from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PROquest were retrieved. For each search conducted, the name of the search engine used, date of search, number of publications retrieved, and keywords used were documented. The selected articles were reviewed for inclusion and assessed for biases and quality. Each tool was described by the type of measurement, technique for measurement, strengths and weaknesses, and method of validation, respectively. RESULTS: Out of the 10 included articles, seven glaucoma disease-specific tools were identified namely; Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool-Short form (GTCAT-S), Glaucoma Treatment Compliance Assessment Tool-Long form (GTCAT-L), Travatan Dosing Aid (TDA), Eye-Drop Satisfaction Questionnaire (EDSQ), Glaucoma Adherence Questionnaire-Revised (GAQ-R), Glaucoma Adherence Questionnaire-Old (GAQ-O), and Schwartz Adherence Questionnaire (SAQ). Three studies had a low risk of bias, and seven recorded a moderate risk of bias. The TDA, GTCAT-S, and GTCAT-L were rated as high-quality tools. CONCLUSIONS: Seven glaucoma disease-specific tools for measuring adherence were found. Integration of regular measurement of medication adherence as part of care for glaucoma patients would be beneficial for both patients and providers of eye care.