Abstract
False positive findings in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) scans can present challenges in the accurate diagnosis and staging of various conditions. We report a case of a 52-year-old male with known adenocarcinoma of the stomach who underwent total gastrectomy and chemotherapy and was referred for (18)F-FDG PET/CT to rule out recurrence. (18)F-FDG PET/CT showed a large FDG-avid lesion involving the entire right testicle mimicking testicular cancer or lymphoma. Further evaluation with ultrasonography revealed epididymo-orchitis, possibly of granulomatous etiology. Orchitis, an inflammatory condition of the testicles, can cause misleading results in (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging for cancer surveillance. Imagers should cautiously interpret PET/CT findings, considering clinical context, patient history, and additional imaging modalities to distinguish true malignancies from false positives.