Conclusion
This work suggests that mitochondria from OA patients could be involved in the apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence of chondrocytes described in OA cartilage.
Results
OA cybrids incubated with menadione showed a higher percentage of late apoptosis and necrosis than N cybrids. Stimulation of cybrids with staurosporine and IL-1β showed that OA cybrids were more susceptible to undergoing apoptosis than N cybrids. An analysis of the antioxidant response using menadione on gene expression revealed a lower expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 and superoxide dismutase 2 in OA than N cybrids. Activation of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 was reduced in OA compared to N cybrids. However, the percentage of senescent cells was higher in OA than N cybrids.