Abstract
This study investigates the utilization of biodiesel derived from castor seeds and enhanced with 2% of diethyl ether and CeO(2) NPs to improve engine performance and reduce emissions. Various fuel blends, including biodiesel-diesel mixtures with and without nanoparticles, were tested under fixed load conditions. Results indicate that adding CeO(2) nanoparticles improved combustion and reduced emissions, particularly CO and NO(x). Furthermore, biodiesel blends showed in increasing thermal efficiency and reduced BSFC. From the blends B10 showed the highest increase in thermal efficiency. Results indicate that adding CeO(2) NPs improved combustion efficiency, leading to a 22.2% increase in thermal efficiency for the B10 blend. Furthermore, brake power increased by 18% for B10 and 19% for B15 when CeO(2) was added, while brake-specific fuel consumption decreased by up to 26.02% for B25. Emissions were significantly reduced: CO emissions dropped by 12% for B5, and HC emissions decreased by 37.7% for B5 with CeO(2) addition. However, NOx emissions increased by 4.3% for B10 due to improved combustion. Overall, this research suggests that sustainable biodiesel-diesel blends with CeO(2) nanoparticles can effectively enhance engine performance while mitigating emissions, offering a promising solution for cleaner diesel engine operation.Please make justify the abstract to make smart lookup.