Severe Necrotizing Fasciitis Following Minor Neglected Left-Hand Wound Complicated With Toxic Shock Syndrome and Multiorgan Failure: A Case Report and Literature Review

轻微左手伤口处理不当导致严重坏死性筋膜炎,并并发中毒性休克综合征和多器官功能衰竭:病例报告及文献综述

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Abstract

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening soft tissue infection requiring urgent intervention. Despite advances in care, delays in diagnosis contribute to high morbidity and mortality. Here, we present a 17-year-old male patient previously healthy, who developed NF and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) following minor hand trauma. He developed multiorgan failure in the form of acute respiratory distress (ARDS), circulatory failure, high hepatic enzymes, and coagulopathy. The patient was managed successfully with early surgical debridement, antibiotics, immunoglobulins, and critical care support, including invasive mechanical ventilation and high-dose vasopressors and inotropic support. This case highlights NF's rapid progression in healthy individuals and the necessity of aggressive multidisciplinary management. Early recognition, prompt surgery, and tailored therapies remain critical. NF demands high clinical suspicion even in low-risk populations. Aggressive intervention and adherence to guidelines improve survival and functional outcomes.

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