Abstract
Obesity's variability is significantly influenced by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to integrate the combined impact of genetic risk score (GRS(BMI)) with physical activity (PA), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), wine intake, and eating habits score (EHS) on obesity predisposition risk. Adults' (n = 5824) data were analyzed for common obesity-related single nucleotide polymorphisms and lifestyle habits. The weighted GRS(BMI) was constructed and categorized into quartiles (Qs), and the adjusted multivariate logistic regression models examined the association of GRS(BMI) with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) and lifestyle factors. GRS(BMI) was significantly associated with obesity risk. Each GRS(BMI) unit was associated with an increase of 3.06 BMI units (p ≤ 0.0001). PA markedly reduced obesity risk across GRS(BMI) Qs. Inactive participants' (≥90 min/week) mean BMI was higher in GRS(BMI) Q3-Q4 compared to Q1 (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). Scoring EHS ≥ median, SSBs (≥1 cup/day), and non-wine drinking were associated with higher BMI within all GRS(BMI) Qs compared to EHS < median, non-SSBs, and non-wine drinkers. Mean BMI was higher in GRS(BMI) Q4 compared to other quartiles (p < 0.0001) in non-wine drinkers and compared to Q1 for SSB's consumers (p = 0.07). A higher GRS(BMI) augmented the impact of lifestyle factors on obesity. The interplay between GRS(BMI) and modifiable lifestyle factors provides a tailored personalized prevention and treatment for obesity management.