Abstract
Introduction The term 'acute scrotum' denotes the sudden initiation of pain in the scrotal region. Acute scrotum is a frequent medical condition in children and adults. Ultrasound facilitates precise diagnosis and differentiation of numerous causes of acute scrotum. The objective of our research was to assess the utility of ultrasonography in the identification and prevalence determination of causes of acute scrotum. Materials and methods Patients with acute scrotal pain referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Great Eastern Medical School & Hospital (GEMS), Srikakulam, India, were added in the research. This is a prospective observational study. High-frequency linear transducer (4-15 MHz) was used for imaging. Grey scale, colour and duplex Doppler were performed routinely. The ultimate diagnosis was established by considering the clinical results, follow-up observations, intraoperative observations and, when accessible, histopathological analysis. For the statistical analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (released 2013; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). was used. Descriptive analysis was conducted. The Kendall rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the non-parametric association between side and torsion. Results A total of 120 patients were included for statistical analysis. Inflammatory pathology was the most common cause of acute scrotum, followed by testicular torsion and torsion of testicular appendage. Testicular torsion and side of pain did not show a significant association. Conclusion High-resolution ultrasonography with colour and duplex Doppler sonography is an excellent imaging modality exhibiting exceptional sensitivity and specificity for the accurate diagnosis of acute scrotal diseases. Inflammatory pathology was the most common cause of acute scrotum, followed by testicular torsion and torsion of the testicular appendage.