Abstract
Despite high initial vaccination rates, Spain's current COVID-19 vaccination coverage in recommended groups does not meet WHO targets. For the upcoming season, challenges include revising vaccination age, updating risk groups, and unifying criteria with flu vaccine co-administration. European Commission's advance purchase agreements limit access to certain vaccines, and the need for vaccines effective against current variants adds administrative complexities. Spain's COVID-19 vaccination recommendations should adapt to these specific circumstances. Using vaccines effective against predominant variants with appropriate response duration is crucial to protect at-risk populations. Enhancing training and health education campaigns for health professionals and the general public, alongside utilizing tools to simplify vaccination recommendations, can promote higher vaccination rates in Spain. Addressing these challenges is essential to ensure adequate protection and improve vaccination coverage, ultimately achieving better public health outcomes in the face of evolving COVID-19 threats.