Abstract
The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is controversial and has rarely been studied in the U.S. population. This study utilized data from 4 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2001 and 2008, and the diagnosis of BPH relied primarily on self-reporting by participants. In order to deeply analyze the association between the NHHR and BPH, the study adopted a variety of statistical tools including multivariate logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, and subgroup analysis. Together, these methods were designed to reveal potential associations between the 2 . A total of 5687 participants were enrolled in this study, including 873 BPH participants and 4814 controls. The NHHR was generally lower in the BPH group than in the control group. After fully adjusting for all confounders, the risk of developing BPH was reduced by 8% (95% CI = 0.85-0.96, P = .002) for each unit increase in NHHR. Compared with the first quartile of NHHR, those in the fourth quartile of NHHR were 24% less likely to develop BPH (95% CI = 0.60-0.96, P = .024). Subgroup analyses found that NHHR was negatively associated with BPH in those aged 60 years or older, those who were married or living with a partner, those with a college degree or higher, former smokers, nondrinkers, and those with a BMI < 25. NHHR may have a potential protective effect on BPH. However, its exact biological mechanism remains to be elucidated by further scientific studies.