Abstract
BACKGROUND: Burn injury is a global health problem and may have both physiological and psychological consequences. The effect of music intervention on burn patients has been widely reported, but the results have been inconsistent. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in burn patients to determine the effect of music intervention during treatments. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024627733). The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published before December 2024 based on predetermined criteria. Our search focused on 2 keywords: music and burn. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (2.0) assessed study quality. Data were analyzed using StataMP-64 software. RESULTS: We included 16 trials related to music intervention, involving 1038 burn patients. Music intervention significantly reduced pain (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-1.15, -0.86]), anxiety (SMD = -1.68, 95% CI [-2.44, -0.93]), and muscle tension (SMD = -2.23, 95% CI [-3.46, -1.00]) levels compared to non-music interventions. However, the results showed that there were no significant statistical differences in heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean blood pressure between the music intervention group and the non-music intervention group. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study indicate that music intervention has a positive effect in alleviating pain, anxiety and muscle tension levels in patients with burn injuries.