Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and contributing factors of relapse in orthodontic treatment among pediatric patients and evaluate the effectiveness of retention protocols. METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted involving 120 pediatric patients aged 10-16 years who completed fixed orthodontic treatment. Relapse was assessed over 12 months post-treatment using cephalometric measurements and dental casts. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The overall relapse rate was 28.3%, with higher rates observed in cases of poor compliance with retention protocols (P < 0.05). Variables such as pre-treatment severity, patient age, and malocclusion type significantly impacted relapse rates. CONCLUSION: Effective retention protocols and patient compliance are critical to minimizing relapse in pediatric orthodontic treatment. Early identification of high-risk cases can aid in tailored interventions.