Abstract
The association between cigarette smoking and the gut microbiota remains unclear, and there is no agreement on how smoking affects the composition of gut microorganisms. In this study, the relationship between smoking status and gut microbial composition was investigated by performing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis of stool samples from 80 healthy Chinese adults. The results showed that smoking did not cause significant changes to the composition and microbial functional pathways of the gut microbiota. However, smoking altered the relative abundance of several specific taxa, where Phascolarctobacterium and Fusobacterium increased and Dialister decreased. Notably, our analysis revealed that smoking introduced more microbial interactions to the interaction network and decreased its modularity. Overall, this study provides new insights into the association between smoking status and the gut microbiota.