Conclusion
The applied combinations of these compounds may contribute to the resistance problem that may occur in treating colorectal cancer, with a decrease in DcR1 and XIAP genes.
Methods
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were determined by MTT and comet assays, respectively. The apoptotic effects were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay, with the additional use of Annexin V FITC, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase 3, 8, and 9 activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kits.
Results
According to our findings, genistein, 5-fluorouracil, and TRAIL had synergistic apoptotic effects because of DR5 upregulation, ROS production, and DNA damage, which were mediated by increased caspase-8, and -9 activity and decreased MMP.