Conclusions
Human PDLSCs and BFP-ADSCs were the optimum stem cell source for stem cell encapsulation by using nanohydroxyapatite-calcium carbonate microcapsule-chitosan/collagen hydrogel in serum-free conditions.
Methods
The study groups were categorized according to stem cell sources into buccal fat pad adipose (hBFP-ADSCs) (Groups 1, 4, and 7), periodontal ligament (hPDLSCs) (Groups 2, 5, and 8), and dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) (Groups 3, 6, and 9). MSCs from each source were isolated and expanded in three types of sera: fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Groups 1-3), human serum (HS) (Groups 4-6), and synthetic serum (SS) (StemPro™ MSC SFM) (Groups 7-9) for monolayer (m) and hydrogel cell encapsulation cultures (e). Following this, the morphology, expression of MSC cell surface antigens, growth, and osteogenic differentiation potential of the MSCs, and the expression of adhesion molecules were analyzed and compared.
Results
SS decreased variations in the morphology and expression levels of cell surface antigens of MSCs from three cell sources (Groups 7m-9m). The levels of osteoblastic differentiation of the hPDLSCs and hBFP-ADSCs were increased in SS (Groups 8m and 7m) and the cell encapsulation model (Groups 1e, 4e, 7e-9e), but the promoting effects of SS were decreased in a cell encapsulation model (Groups 7e-9e). The expression levels of the alpha v beta 3 (ITG-αVβ3) and beta 1 (ITG-β1) integrins in the encapsulated cells in FBS (Group 1e) were higher than those in the SS (Group 7e). Conclusions: Human PDLSCs and BFP-ADSCs were the optimum stem cell source for stem cell encapsulation by using nanohydroxyapatite-calcium carbonate microcapsule-chitosan/collagen hydrogel in serum-free conditions.