COX2/ Cyclooxygenase 2/ PTGS2 Polyclonal antibody (12375-1-AP)

经验证应用

推荐稀释说明

It is recommended that this reagent should be titrated in each testing system to obtain optimal results. Sample-dependent, Check data in validation data gallery.

COX2 is an enzyme involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. 1. What is the molecular weight of COX2? The fully N-glycosylated PTGS2 is 72-74 kDa and the aglycosylated is 66 kDa (PMID:19656660). It also expresses a band of 39 kDa after unspecific cleavage (PMID:17509125). The 50 kDa band of fragmented PTGS2 has also previously been detected in AD brains (PMID:14724276). 2. Is COX2 post-translationally modified? COX2 is a subject of post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, glycosylation, and s-nitrosylation (PMID: 28939645). 3. What is the difference between COX1, COX2, and COX3? There are three isoenzymes that have cyclooxygenase activity: COX1, COX2, and COX3. While COX1 is a ubiquitously expressed constitutive enzyme, expression of COX2 is generally low but can be rapidly induced by various stimuli (as part of infection and inflammatory response) and is controlled by the transcription factor NFκB. COX3 is an alternative splice variant of COX1 enzyme and is considered non-functional in humans. 4. I cannot detect COX2 in my sample during western blotting. Unlike COX1, COX2 expression is inducible by a variety of stimuli including certain growth factors, cytokines, and proinflammatory stimuli. COX2 basal expression levels may be very low in unstimulated cells. Additionally, the COX2 half-life time is short and after stimulation, COX2 protein can be quickly degraded to basal levels (PMID: 10966456), which should be taken into account during experimental design. 5. What is the role of COX2 in cancer? COX2 is often upregulated in various cancer types and increased expression of COX2 is associated with greater angiogenesis of solid tumors, increased invasion, and metastasis, as well as decreased host immunity. 6. What is subcellular localization of COX2? Both COX1 and COX2 are present in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope (PMID: 9545330), but COX2 has been reported to be more enriched in the nuclear envelope compared to COX1 (PMID: 7738031).