Concurrent Hydrolysis-Fermentation of Tenebrio molitor Protein by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM13068P Attenuates Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Constipation in Loperamide-Induced Mice.

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that negatively impacts quality of life and gut function. This study aimed to enhance the functional properties of Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) protein hydrolysates through fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM13068P (TmLp). Compared to non-fermented hydrolysates (HeTm), TmLp exhibited improved protein hydrolysis and increased levels of amino acids associated with intestinal health. In vitro, TmLp showed anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages and promoted the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. In a loperamide-induced constipation mouse model, TmLp significantly enhanced fecal output, water content, and intestinal transit. These findings suggest that TmLp may serve as a promising functional food ingredient for relieving constipation and promoting gut health.