Interferon-tau infusion into the ovine corpus luteum delays luteolysis†.

Conceptus-derived interferon-tau (IFNT) initiates maternal recognition of pregnancy in ewes by paracrine actions on the endometrium and endocrine action on the corpus luteum (CL). To examine the effect of IFNT on the CL without inducing IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the endometrium, recombinant ovine IFNT (roIFNT) or bovine serum albumin was delivered directly into CLs via osmotic pumps at a rate of 10, 50, or 100 ng/h from days 9 to 12 of the estrous cycle. Endometrial and CL samples were collected on day 12. 50 ng/h of roIFNT induced ISG15 in the CL on day 12 without affecting endometrial ISG15 concentrations. In a second experiment, roIFNT (50 ng/h) was infused into the CL from days 10 to 17 of the estrous cycle and serum samples were collected daily. Serum progesterone concentrations were significantly higher from days 15 to 17 in roIFNT-infused ewes compared to controls. Levels of LHCGR, STAR, CYP11A1, HSL, OPA1, and protein kinase A mRNA and proteins were higher in the roIFNT-infused CLs compared to the controls. Levels of ISG15 and MX1 mRNA increased in the CLs of roIFNT-infused ewes but not in the endometrium. Endometrial ESR1 mRNA and protein concentrations were higher in the controls compared to roIFNT-infused ewes. In conclusion, intra-luteal delivery of roIFNT induced ISGs, stabilized steroidogenesis in the CL, and delayed luteolysis without inducing endometrial IFN-stimulated genes. Inhibition of ESR1 in the endometrium of roIFNT-infused ewes was observed suggesting that direct delivery of IFNT to the CL has an additional anti-luteolytic effect on the endometrium.